托福语法模拟试题笔记
1. Most doctors of the Colonial period believed _______ was caused by an imbalance of humors in the body.
A. in disease
B. that disease
C. of disease
D. about disease
答案：B
分析：动词believe 的用法：直接加that引导的宾语从句。这里that为连接adv.，在句中不作任何成分，其后接完整句。
参考译文：大多数殖民时期的医生认为疾病来源人体内不平衡的体液。
2. In 1976 Sarah Caldwell became _________ at the Metropolitan Opera House in New York City.
A. she was the first woman to conduct
B. the first woman conductor
C. the woman was first conducting
D. the woman conducts first
答案：B
分析：缺宾语，答案中只有B，D可以作宾语，但D的语序不对。
参考译文：1976，Sarah Caldwell成为在第一个在纽约Metropolitan Opera House演出的演奏家。
补充： 常考 the first/second/… one to do sth
3. On January 7， 1955， Marian Anderson became _________ to sing a major role at New York City's Metropolitan Opera House.
A. the first African American
B. the first African American was
C. she was the first African American
D. when the first African American
答案：A
分析：缺宾语，C， D都不能作宾语。一句话中只能有一个谓语，而B中有was，句中出现两个谓语，一定错。
参考译文：1955年1月7号，Marian Anderson成为在第一个在纽约Metropolitan Opera House担任主唱的美籍黑人。
4. Perhaps the most significant postwar trend was the decentralization of cities throughout the United States， _________ when massive highway-building programs permitted greater suburban growth.
A. and accelerated a phenomenon
B. a phenomenon that accelerated
C. accelerating a phenomenon which，
D. the acceleration of which phenomenon
答案：B
分析：考的是同位语结构，a phenomenon是 the decentralization of cities throughout the United States 的同位语。A中and为conj.，后面应该连接一个完整的句子，但缺主语，错；C中语序混乱，错； D中of which作为介词宾语，后面应该接一个完整句，但只有一个phenomenon主语，句子不完整，错。
参考译文：可能战后最重大的趋势就是美国城市的分散化，当大规模高速公路建设项目容许了更大程度的发展郊区，这个现象更被促进了。
补充： accelerate/ accomplish/ achieve/ evolve都可以是vi.不接宾语

5. Ronald Reagan had served two terms as governor of California before _________ President.
A. he became
B. when becoming
C. became
D. did he become
答案：A
分析：before为状语从句引导词conj，后面一般引导一个完整的句子。B同时出现两个状语从句引导词，错；C缺主语；D应该为正常语序，选项中使用了倒装句式，错。
参考译文：里根在成为美国总统之前连续两届担任加州的州长。
6. _________， domesticated grapes grow in clusters， range in color from pale green to black， and contain sugar in varying quantities.
A. Their botanical classification as berries
B. Although their botanical classification as berries
C. Because berries being their botanical classification
D. Classified botanically as berries
答案：D
分析：句子的主语是grapes ， 后面是平行结构grow…， range…， and contain…。空格后的句子已完整，那么空格处就应该是同位语，状语从句，分词等修饰成分。A中Their指代不明，而且classification和berries也不相符，错；B中Although为conj.，后面应该是完整句，错；C中Because为conj.，后面应该是完整句，错。
参考译文：培植的葡萄的植物分类跟浆果是一样的，它们成串的长在树上，颜色从灰白色到黑色，并且包含由不同数量的糖份。
7. The cymbal is ________ in the military band and is also frequently used in modern orchestral music.
A. a basic instrument
B. basic instrument
C. how basic an instrument it is
D. as an instrument is basic
答案：A
分析：instrument可数，前面应该有限定词a.and前为一简单句。
参考译文：铙钹在军乐队里是一个基本的乐器，而且还经常在现代管弦乐里使用。
8. In instrumentalist philosophy， ideas and knowledge are exclusively functional processes： they are of significance only _________ instrumental in the development of experience.
A. as they are
B. are they
C. there are
D. are
答案：A
分析：两个谓语需要有一个conj.来连接。一个句子中出现2个谓语且没有连接词就一定错。
参考译文：在乐器演奏家的哲学里面，思想和知识是专有排外性的功能性的过程。他们的重要意义仅限于在经验发展的过程中，用于乐器演奏。

9. _________ either by cooling or by depriving the fire of oxygen， and most do both.
A. Working fire extinguishers
B. Fire extinguishers that work
C. Fire extinguishers work
D. The work of fire extinguishers
答案：C
分析：空格中缺主谓。A中没有谓语；B中that多余，因为句中只有一个谓语；D也没有谓语。
参考译文：灭火器的通过冷却或者减少火中的氧气的方法工作的，大多数时候两个方法都会用到。
10. The introduction of mass-production methods enabled many people _________ and gave them an unprecedented amount of mobility.
A. to purchase their own automobiles
B. their own to purchase automobiles
C. to their own purchase automobiles
D. own their automobiles to purchase
答案：A
分析：为固定结构enable sb to do sth.
参考译文：规模生产方法的产生，使得人们能够买自己的车，并获得了空前的灵活性。
11. Frances Perkins， _________ of the United States cabinet， served in the cabinet as secretary of labor from 1933 to 1945.
A. the first female member
B. was the first female member
C. the first female member who
D. of whom the first female member
答案：A
分析：主语同位语结构。B中多了一个谓语was，因为后面已经有一个谓语动词served， 一个句子中出现2个谓语且没有连接词就一定错； C中who多余，用法也不正确；D中of whom多余，不是定语从句，考的是同位语结构。
参考译文：Frances Perkins，是美国内阁的第一为女性成员，她从1933到1945年在内阁担任劳工部秘书。
12. When _________ to dough and heated， carbon dioxide is released， causing the dough to rise.
A. is added baking powder
B. added baking powder is
C. is baking powder added
D. baking powder is added
答案：D
分析：When为状语从句引导词；语序应该为正常语序，A，C错；B语序混乱，明显应该用被动形式，而且有固定结构add to.
参考译文：当把烘烤用粉加到面团里加热的时候，会释放出二氧化碳，使得面团涨开。
13. _________ the percentage of individuals with similar traits in succeeding generations， geneticists use the theory of probability.
A. The calculation of
B. To calculate
C. Is calculating
D. Calculated
答案：B
分析：to calculate，这里用不定式表示“目的”，前半句的逻辑主语是geneticists，只有B符合要求；A中只有主语，句子不完整。
参考译文：遗传学家运用概率的理论来计算在后代中拥有相似特点个体占有的百分比。
补充： 如同A的形式， 逗号前面就是一个名词短语， 然而正确的句子里， 名词短语要么作为主语的同位语， 要么本身是主语， 如11题。 否则就是脱离句子成分， 成为错误。

14. Big-band uaaz relies on fixed arrangements, where_______than one instrument playing some of the parts, rather than on improvisation.
A. is more
B. whenever more
C. there is more
D. more
答案：C
分析：where引导状语从句，后面缺主谓。
参考译文：大型乐队爵士依赖于固定的安排，其中演奏相同部分音乐的乐器超过一个，而不是现声发挥。
15. Because of _________ diversity， seven separate groupings or divisions of algae have been established by botanists.
A. them
B. so that
C. those
D. their
答案：D
分析：those是泛指，这里应该用their来特指seven separate groupings or divisions of algae.
参考译文：因为海藻们的不同特性，植物学家把他们分成7个不同的组别或分支。
16. Chromosomes are regarded today as the major carriers of genetic material， _________ of DNA and various types of protein.
A. consisting
B. as to consist
C. consist
D. which consisting
答案：A
分析：分词作状语。如果用consist的话，应该用个conj.后面加个完整的句子。
参考译文：染色体现今被认为是主要的遗传物质携带者，这些遗传物质由DNA和各种各样的蛋白质组成。
17. The leopard seal is the only pinniped _________ preys on penguins and other seals.
A. that normally
B. of which it normally
C. normally
D. that it normally
答案：A
分析：句中出现is和preys两个谓语动词，一定是个复合句；用that引导定语从句，pinniped为先行词，that后为不完整句。
参考译文：美洲虎海豹是仅有的捕食企鹅和其他海豹的鳍足类动物。
18. _________ “nova” means new， novas are actually stars that have existed for a long time and suddenly flare into brilliance.
A. That
B. Why
C. Although
D. It is
答案：C
分析：空格后有2个完整句，空格处需要一个conj.
参考译文：尽管nova意味着新的，但其实新星们是存在了很久而突然闪耀出光辉的恒星。
19. Because Mars is farther from the Sun than _________， Mars takes longer to complete a revolution.
A. Earth is
B. is from Earth
C. what is Earth
D. is it Earth
答案：A
分析：比较结构的对称性：Mars is farther …… than Earth is，is后省略了from the Sun
参考译文：因为火星比地球离太阳要远，火星绕太阳转一圈的时间要比地球长。
20. A social system is _________ of social relations that draws the behavior of its members toward the core values of the group.
A. a complex network
B. how a complex network
C. a complex network and
D. a network that is complex
答案：A
分析：缺宾语。B中的从句只有主语，句子不完整，错；C中and作为连词，后面缺谓语，错；D错，因为of前应该为名词。
参考译文：社会系统就是一个社会关系的复杂网络，这个网络里把成员的行为方式向核心价值观靠拢
21. Bubbles， flaws， and other irregularities diffuse the light that passes through stained glass， _________ the glass sparkle.
A. which making
B. and making
C. making
D. to making
答案：C
分析：空格前的句子结构完整，这里的分词作状语。A中用which来引导非限制性定语从句，而句中无谓语，错；B中and作为连接词，而and后的句子不完整，没有谓语，错；D错，不定式的结构应该是to do.
参考译文：气泡，裂纹和其他的不规则会使光线穿过受损的玻璃时发散开，使得玻璃闪闪发光。
补充： stained glass常指教堂的彩色玻璃

22. Fog is common near ________ _ inland bodies of water and along coasts in temperate zones.
A. there are large
B. large
C. either large
D. where large
答案：B
分析：A使得句中出现两个谓语动词，且中间无连接词，错；C应该是either… or…结构，但句中没有出现or；D中where引导的句子不完整，错。
参考译文：雾通常在靠近大型内陆水体和沿着温和地带边缘的地方发生。
23. The portrayal of everyday life in the objects of folk art makes it _________ valuable source of history.
A. and a
B. so that a
C. a
D. is a
答案：C
分析：make结构，make+n.1/pron+n.2/adj.
参考译文：描述日常生活的民间艺术品使它们本身成为有价值的历史来源。
24. _______ by the United States government's Bureau of Labor Statistics， the Consumer Price Index compares current costs of goods and services with past costs.
A. To prepare
B. As it prepared
C. When preparation
D. Prepared
答案：D
分析：由后半句可以知道句子的逻辑主语应该是Consumer Price Index， 而且空格后是by，所以应该用被动形式，只能选D.
参考译文：消费者价格索引是美国政府劳工统计部完成的，它把现在的物品价格跟以前的做了比较。
25. _________ carries the genes， which determine the hereditary characteristics of the cell or organism.
A. The chromosome
B. The chromosome that
C. Whereas the chromosome
D. There is a chromosome
答案：A
分析：该句是非限制性定语从句，前半句已经有谓语和宾语，缺主语，选A.
参考译文：染色体携带了遗传物质，这些遗传物质决定了细胞和生物体的遗传特性。
26. _________ directly with most metals to form compounds called carbides.
A. Carbon reacting
B. Carbon reacts
C. The reaction of carbon
D. When carbon reacts
答案：B
分析：从句意来看，called在这里不是谓语动词，而是分词做后置定语：…… which are called carbides.空格中缺主语和谓语，选B.
参考译文：碳直接跟大部分金属反应而形成碳化物的化合物。
27. Meteorites are slowed down by Earth's atmosphere， but if they are moving _________， they can form a crater on impact.
A. enough fast
B. fast enough
C. so fast enough
D enough are fast
答案：B
分析：enough的用法，固定顺序：adj.+enough
参考译文：陨石受地球大气阻挡而慢下来，但如果他们移动的足够快，他们能在撞击后形成一个大坑。
28. Located at the upper end of each________ an adrenal gland， an integral part of the endocrine system.
A. kidney which is
B. kidney is
C. kidney being
D. kidney
答案：B
分析：该句为简单句，而且使用了倒装形式，原句为：An adrenal gland， an integral part of the endocrine system is located at the upper end of each kidney.
参考译文：肾上腺是内分泌系统的一个完整的部分，它位于肾的上端。
29. About 75 percent of all cadmium is used for cadmium plating of _________ such as iron and steel.
A. easily corroded metals
B. metals are easily corroded
C. corroded metals that easily
D. how easily metals corroded
答案：A
分析：B中的are多余，否则句中出现两个谓语，错；C中的that引导定语从句，而从句缺谓语，错；用法错误，of后一般接名词。
参考译文：75％的所有镉金属都用来对类似铁、钢的容易腐蚀的金属进行镉镀膜了。
30. An atom is a basic structural unit of matter， the smallest particle of an element _________ into chemical combination.
A. that can enter
B. can it enter
C. when entering it can
D. that enters can
答案：A
分析：that引导定语从句，element为先行词。the smallest particle of an element 是 a basic structural unit of matter的宾语同位语。
参考译文：原子是物体的基本结构单元，是元素形成化学组合特性的最小的颗粒

31. All the major cities of the United States， ________ the cities of the Great Lakes and the Gulf of Mexico， began as centers of trade.
A. and to include
B. which including
C. included
D. including
答案：D
分析：两个逗号之间是插入语，这里分词作状语，不能用谓语动词。
参考译文：包括大湖区和墨西哥峡谷的美国所有主要城市都是以贸易中心的模式发展起来的。
32. Settled by English Puritans in 1630， Boston became _________ .
A. the capital of the Massachusetts Bay Colony
B. the Massachusetts Bay Colony its capital
C. it was the capital of the Massachusetts Bay Colony
D. so that the capital of the Massachusetts Bay Colony
答案：A
分析：缺宾语。B语序混乱；C中出现两个谓语动词，错；D中became 仍然没有宾语，so that 多余，错。
参考译文：波士顿在1963年被英国清教徒定址，并曾是马萨诸塞州湾殖民地的首都。
33. Navigators on ships and aircraft use a compass to determine _________ they are heading.
A. the direction in which
B. to where the direction
C. that direction of which
D. where the direction
答案：A
分析：空格前缺宾语，空格后是个完整的句子，只有B能满足。prep+which 作为介词宾语，后面接完整的句子。
参考译文：船和飞机的领航员通过指南针来确定他们航行的方向。
34. A condenser is a heat exchanger _________ steam or vapor loses heat and returns to liquid form.
A. what
B. in which
C. in whose
D. that
答案：B
分析：空格前后都是完整的句子，选项中优先选择prep+which.prep+which 作为介词宾语，后面接完整的句子。
参考译文：冷凝器是一种热交换器，蒸气或水汽在里面失去热量，变回液体状态。
35. Published in 1957， John Cheever's first novel， The Wapshot Chronicle， earned _________ the National Book Award.
A. that he had
B. him
C. was his
D. to him
答案：B
分析：双宾语结构：sth. Earn sb sth. 类似的还有gain/win
参考译文：John Cheever的第一部小说The Wapshot Chronicle于1957年，并为他赢得全国图书奖。
36. As seen from the Earth at night， _________ planet Jupiter ranks third among the planets and stars in maximum brightness， after Venus and Mars.
A. when the
B. in which the
C. the
D. and the
答案：C
分析：空格后句子完整，此处缺限定词。
参考译文：晚上从地球上看去，行星木星在行星恒星最大亮度等级中排名第三，排在金星和火星的后面。
37. _________ produces a crimson glow in a vacuum tube and is used extensively in advertising displays.
A. Neon that
B. When neon
C. Neon
D. There is neon
答案：C
分析：缺主语。A中that多余；B中When多余，D中出现两个谓语动词。
参考译文：氖能在真空管里释放出深红色的光芒，并被广泛的在广告显像里应用。
38. Chaparral consists of _________ stunted by short， wet winters followed by long， dry summers.
A. are trees and shrubs
B. how trees and shrubs
C. trees and shrubs have
D. trees and shrubs
答案：D
分析：of 后接名词，首先排除A和B.C中有个动词have， 后半句中有动词follow， 两句之间没有连接词，一定错。
参考译文：丛林由树和灌木组成，短的、潮湿的冬天和随后的长的干燥的夏天阻碍了它们的生长。
39. The Monroe Doctrine of 1823 was _________ of United States policy concerning the activities and rights of European powers in North and South America.
A. when a statement
B. as a statement
C. a statement
D. to a statement
答案：C
分析：缺宾语。A，B，D中的when， as， to 多余。
参考译文：1982年的门罗主义是针对南北美欧洲集权的行为和权利的美国政策的表述。

40. _________ to stand in a warm place， it sours because of the presence of bacteria that convert milk sugar into acid.
A. When milk is allowed
B. When is milk allowed
C. Milk， when allowed
D. When milk allowed
答案：A
分析：B不应该使用倒装；C：如果是插入语的话，后半句中不应该出现it；D中由句意allow应该使用被动形式。
参考译文：当牛奶持续的放在温暖的地方，细菌的出现把牛奶的糖转化成酸，因此它就发酸了
41. While play is important at all levels of human development， _________ takes on particular significance when children are five and six years old.
A. it
B. and
C. which
D. because it
答案：A
分析：缺主语。it 在这里作为形式主语。
参考译文：比赛对各个层次人的发展都是重要的，尤其是当小孩5、6岁大的时候，意义重大。
42. During the second and third years of life， children gain _________ over their bodies.
A. control increasing
B. increasing to control
C. control is increasing
D. increasing control
答案：D
分析：缺宾语，而且应该是 adj.修饰名词，只能选D.
参考译文：在生长的第二第三年，小孩们对自己的身体控制能力增强了。
43. All brass instruments use a mouthpiece _________ into a long cone-shaped tube.
A. is inserted
B. that inserted
C. that is inserted
D. and inserted
答案：C
分析：that引导一个定语从句，mouthpiece为先行词。A 出现两个谓语动词，错；B，D应该用被动；
参考译文：所有的铜管乐器都用一个放在长锥筒形管里的吹嘴。

45. By the mid-twentieth century， United States presidential staffs， _________ had numbered fewer than ten a century earlier， numbered in the hundreds.
A. as
B. that they
C. which
D. and
答案：C
分析：非限制性定语从句，只有which能引导非限制性定语从句
参考译文：到20时间中期，美国的总统部官员达到了几百个，而在一个世纪前，还屈指可数呢。
46. In 1966 only 60 percent of all five year olds in the United States attended kindergarten， _________ in 1985 almost 82 percent did so.
A. with
B. which
C. whether
D. while
答案：D
分析：整个句子中出现了两个谓语，缺连接词。
参考译文：在1966年，所有5岁的小孩中只有60％的参加了幼儿园，而到1985，几乎有82％的小孩上幼儿园了。
47. _________ industries， inventions， and communal endeavors of the Shakers， the best known is their fine furniture.
A. Of the many
B. Their many
C. Are the many
D. Many of the
答案：A
分析：倒装结构。当prep短语位于句首，且谓语动词为系动词时，则引起倒装。
参考译文：在基督震荡教徒所参与很多工业、发明创造和社区建设中，最闻名的是他们做的优质家具了。
48. Most fishes and many reptiles have ribs along most of the spine， but in mammals _________ only in the chest area.
A. they are found
B. finding them
C. in which they are found
D. are found
答案：A
分析：缺主语和谓语。该句不是定语从句。
参考译文：大多数鱼类和很多爬行动物沿着大部分脊柱都长有肋骨，但哺乳动物的肋骨只长在胸部位置。
49. Although the habitat of the American beech tree is now confined to the eastern United States and southeastern Canada， _________ extended as far west as California.
A. where it once
B. once
C. it once
D. and once
答案：C
分析：缺主语。A，D中的where， and 多余。
参考译文：尽管美国山毛榉树的生长地现在只限制在美东和加拿大东南部的狭窄地带，它曾经都延伸向西生长远到加州的地方。

50. Most of North America receives _________ some form of continuous plant cover except in the arid and semiarid Southwest.
A. moisture to sustain sufficient
B. sufficient moisture to sustain
C. to sustain sufficient moisture
D. sufficient to sustain moisture
答案：B
分析：缺宾语。其中形容词修饰名词，不定式表“目的”。A，C，D语序混乱。
参考译文：除了干旱和半干旱的西南地区，大部分北美地区通过吸收充足的潮湿而保持一些连续植被的形式。
51. _________ denotes currency in circulation plus bank deposits.
A. The term “money supply”
B. The term is “money supply”
C. When the term “money supply”
D. “Money supply” is the term
答案：A
分析：缺主语。B，D中出现两个谓语，一定错。C中when多余，使得句子不完整。
参考译文：术语货币储备是指流通货币加上银行存款。
52. The Franklin stove， invented around 1742， ________， originally with a partially open front， and was designed to fit into a fireplace.
A. was made of cast iron
B. cast iron was made of
C. cast of iron was made
D. was of iron made cast
答案：A
分析：invented around 1742为插入语，2个was为并列谓语。be made of 为固定搭配。
参考译文：Franklin火炉发明于1742年，是用铁浇铸的，原先前面可以部分打开，而且设计成能正好装进壁炉。
53. A few species of mushrooms cause death or serious illness _________.
A. having eaten
B. that they are eaten
C. are eaten
D. when eaten
答案：D
分析：状语从句的省略结构。省略条件：由特定的状语从句引导词：although， though， even though， if， when， while， as， whether； 从句为主系表结构；从句主语和主句主语一致。省略方式：要同时省略主语和系动词。原句为：…… when mushrooms are eaten.
参考译文：吃了一些种类的蘑菇会造成死亡或重大疾病。
54. Some critics maintain _________ the mystery novel is a symbolic ritual of guilt and retribution.
A. is that
B. that there is
C. it is
D. that
答案：D
分析：that引导宾语从句。A，C中出现两个谓语动词，错；B中that引导的从句出现两个谓语动词，错。
参考译文：一些评论家认为神秘小说是罪与罚象征性的仪式。
55. _________ all cherry trees are very attractive when in bloom， some species with inferior fruit are cultivated especially for their flowers.
A. Although
B. There are
C. It is
D. That
答案：A
分析：后面句子完整，且出现了两个谓语动词，此处缺连接词。
参考译文：尽管所有的樱桃树在开花的时候都很美丽，但它们中的一些不结果的种类专门种植用来观赏他们的花的。
56. Usually pitched in the of C， _________ may be tuned to B flat by means of a slide.
A. the bugle
B. because of the bugle
C. the bugle that
D. but the bugle
答案：A
分析：缺主语。
参考译文：通常音调为C大调的军号，可以通过滑动的方式平稳的吹出B调来。
57. With _________ formal art training and largely self-educated， Anna Mary Moses， known as Grandma Moses， began to paint rural scenes at the age of seventy-eight.
A. not
B. no
C. neither
D. never
答案：B
分析：no修饰后面的名词training.
参考译文：没有经过正常的艺术培训和广泛的自我教育，众所周知的Moses奶奶Anna Mary Moses78岁才开始画乡村风光。
58. A block and tackle is a _________ of pulley blocks and ropes used for pulling or hoisting large objects.
A. mechanical set special
B. set special mechanical
C. special mechanical set
D. special set mechanical
答案：C
分析：固定搭配：a set of.；形容词修饰名词。
参考译文：滑轮系统是一种特殊的机械装置，用滑轮和绳索来拉或提升大件的物品。
59. Although _________ instant critical acclaim in 1952， he never completed a second novel， publishing many short works instead.
A. Invisible Man was the first novel by Ralph Ellison received
B. first received by Ralph Ellison， the novel Invisible Man was
C. Ralph Ellison's first novel， Invisible Man， received
D. Ralph Ellison's first novel， Invisible Man， was received
答案：C
分析：同位语结构，由句意应该用主动形式。
参考译文：尽管Ralph Ellison的第一部小说《隐形人》在1952年得到了直接的赞誉，他却再也没有完成第二部小说，取而代之的是出版了很多短篇作品。

60. Sauropods had _________ smallest brains relative to body weight of any group of dinosaurs， yet they were among the most successful of all dinosaurs in evolutionary terms.
A. what was a
B. when a
C. of the
D. the
答案：D
分析：adj. 最高级前一定要加the.
参考译文：雷龙是恐龙群体中大脑对身体重量相比最小的一种，然而他们在进化过程中却属于最成功的恐龙之一。
61. At the time of Columbus' voyages， Native Americans used an astounding diversity of languages， ________ the diversity used by Europeans.
A. the greatest by far
B. by far than greater
C. by far the greatest
D. greater by far than
答案：D
分析：有than就要找到比较级，A，C语义不通；B语序混乱。
参考译文：哥伦布航海时代，美洲土著居民使用着令人惊异的各种语言，远远超过了欧洲人使用的种类。
62. During the Harlem Renaissance of the 1920's， much African American writers， artists， and musicians came to Harlem in New York City， creating a cultural center there.
答案：A muchàmany
分析：。可数不可数名词修饰词的误用。
参考译文：1920的Harlem黑人社区复兴活动中，很多美国黑人作家、艺术家和音乐家来到了纽约市Harlem，把那里建设成了一个文化中心。
63. In Concord， Massachusetts， there is a museum commemorating the life of Louisa May Alcott， the author the nineteenth-century novel Little Women.
答案：C author the à author of the
分析：缺定冠词。
参考译文：马萨诸赛州的Concord有一个纪念19世纪小说《小女人》的作者Louisa May Alcott生平的博物馆。
64. Lactose， a sugar present in milk， is one of simple sugars used in food preparations for infants.
答案：C of simpleàof the simple.
分析： 从后面的sugars可以看出，sugar代表“某一类糖”的时候是可数名词；present这里做形容词“存在的”，前面省略了which is；one of………结构后面应该接特指的范围，必须加the，所以C错。
参考译文：乳糖，是在牛奶中出现的一种糖，在给婴儿准备的食物中用的一种简单糖类。
65. Jackson， Michigan， a city who was settled in 1829， was named for Andrew Jackson， the seventh President of the United States.
答案：B.whoàwhich
分析：定语从句连词的误用。
参考译文：密西根首府Jackson，于1829年定址，是以美国第七届总统Andrew Jackson的名字命名的。
66. Boulder， Colorado， is only city in the United States that derives its water supply from a glacier.
答案：A.is onlyà is the only
分析：定冠词使用。
参考译文：科罗拉多州的Boulder是美国唯一的从一处冰川获得供水的城市。
67. Construction of first skyscraper began in Chicago in 1883 with the ten-story Home Insurance Building.
答案：B.of firstàof the first
分析：定冠词的使用。最高级前加the
参考译文：最早的高楼建筑1883年出现在芝加哥，是一幢10层的家庭保险大楼。
68. The Mississippi riverboat， which evolved from simpler steamship of the early 1800's， became the dominant form of passenger transport on the Mississippi River.
答案： steamshipàsteamships
分析：单数可数名词不能单独出现。需要注意的是，transport这里作名词，有“运输工具”的意思
参考译文：密西西比河船，在1800从简单的汽船演变过来，成为密西西比河上重要的旅客交通形式。
69. Modern stringed instruments comprise both instruments of ancient origin， such as the harp， and the developed recently family of bowed instruments that includes the violin.
答案：D.developed recentlyàrecently developed
分析：词序颠倒。
参考译文：现代弦乐乐器不仅包含有源于古代的乐器，如竖琴，也有最近发展的包括小提琴的弓形乐器。
70. Stars provided early astronomer with a reference system for measuring the motions of planets， the Moon， and the Sun.
答案：Aàastronomers
分析及考点：可数名词单数单独出现，一般都错。
参考译文：天上的星星给早期天文学家提供了一个参照系统来测量行星、月亮和太阳的移动。71. The coal industry is important to every industrial nations because most other industries are directly or indirectly dependent on it.
答案：A
分析及考点：同样表示每个，所有，every应该跟名词单数，而nations是复数，应该改成all
参考译文：煤矿工业对所有国家来说都是重要的，因为大多数其他工业都直接或间接的依赖它。

72. The brightly colored kingfisher that perches until it sights a fish, then dives into the water to catch its prey.
答案：B
分析及考点：先看主谓宾，then连接两个句子。所以that perches实际不成立定语从句，应该把that去掉。
参考译文：具有光亮颜色的翠鸟栖息在高处，直到它看到鱼，它就会扎进水里把猎物抓住。
73. Neptune circles the Sun once every 164.8 Earth years, and its day —— one rotation its axis —— is 15.8 hours.
答案：C rotation around its axis
分析及考点：C的错误比较明显，B（every）的这种用法应记住，很容易被迷惑。
参考译文：
74. Observable comets are occasionally attracted toward the inner Solar System by the fields gravitational of nearby stars and giant molecular clouds.
答案：C
分析及考点：次序颠倒。应改为gravitational fields，重力场。
参考译文：可以观测的的彗星偶尔会受到附近星星和巨大的星云的重力场作用而吸引到太阳系内部来。
75. A single bacterium has the potential to produce 16 million copies of themselves in a day.
答案：D
分析及考点：代词指代问题。A single bacterium的代词要用itself
参考译文：单个细菌有能力在一天内生产16百万个它自身的复制品。
76. Atoms are held together by the electrical forces of attraction between each negative electron and a positive protons within the nucleus.
答案：C
分析及考点：名词单复数混乱。Protons复数，所以应该把a去掉。
参考译文：原子核中每一个负电荷电子和一个正电荷质子之间的电的作用力的相互吸引，把原子结合在一起。
77. The original aim of encyclopedias was to provide a general educational.
答案：D
分析及考点：一个词的词性混用。educational 这里应该是名词形式，所以改成education.
参考译文：百科全书的最初目的是提供普遍的教育。
78. Icebergs are usually white, blue, or green, even although some are black due to rock material incorporated in them .
答案：B
分析及考点：转折连词的用法。只有even though和although，没有 even although 的表述。
参考译文：冰山一般是白色、蓝色或者绿色的，尽管有些是黑色的，那是因为有岩石材料夹杂在里面。
79. Both adult ladybugs and their larvae are voracious eaters of aphids, scale insects, and another plant pests.
答案：D
分析及考点：another与other混用。表示其他的意思，超过一个应该用other，another表示另一个的意思。
参考译文：成年瓢虫和他们的幼虫都是极其喜欢吃蚜虫，介壳虫和其他植物害虫。
80. Early English burlesque often ridiculed celebrated literary works and sentimentally drama.
答案：D
分析及考点：词性混用。修饰名词用形容词，所以改成sentimental.Celebrated是独立的形容词，意为著名的
参考译文：早期的英语滑稽表演通常嘲笑那些著名的文学作品和感人的戏剧。
81. The American clipper ship era was of duration short, extending from about 1845 to 1859. 答案：B
分析及考点：词序的颠倒，应该改成short duration.只有特殊情况修饰成分后置。
参考译文：美国的剪帆船的时期经历时间很短，只有从1845到1859.
82. Crystals of pure quartz, usually called rock crystal, are coarseness, colorless, and transparent.
答案：D
分析及考点：平行对称结构，词性不对称，所以coarseness名词应改成coarse
参考译文：纯净石英的结晶，通常称为岩石水晶，是粗糙的，无色的，透明的。
83. Of 120 minerals known to have been used as gemstones, only about 25 are in common use in today jewelry.
答案：D
分析及考点：词序的问题。应该改成jewelry today.
参考译文：在作为宝石使用的所知道的120种矿石中，只有25种是现在珠宝业通常使用的。
84. One of the thirteen original state of the United States, North Carolina lies on the Atlantic coast midway between New York and Florida.
答案：A
分析及考点：名词单复数使用错误。应该用复数states.看到one of the.
参考译文：北卡罗来那州是最初组成美国的13个州中的一个座落在大西洋岸边，在纽约州和佛罗里达州的中间。
85. The various peoples who developed North America have made it a world leader economic .
答案：D
分析及考点：词序的颠倒。改成economic leader
参考译文：发展北美的多个民族把北美建设成了全世界的经济领袖。
86. The Milky Way is a flat spiral galaxy who contains an estimated 100 billion stars, including the Sun.
答案：B
分析及考点：定语从句连接词的误用，应改为which
参考译文：银河系是一个扁平的螺旋星系，它包含有估计100亿颗恒星，包括太阳。
87. The piano as it is known today represents a long series of experiments extend back to the year 1711, or perhaps even earlier.
答案：C
分析及考点：词性误用。应该改成extending.
参考译文：今天所知的钢琴代表了一系列的实践，一直可以追溯到1711，或者更早。
88. Climate is the primarily force that distinguishes one biome, or major terrestrial region, from another.
答案：B
分析及考点：词性误用，修饰名词用形容词，所以改成primary
参考译文：气候是一个主要的因素来区分生物群或者主要陆地相互之间的不同。
89. Prehistoric villagers tended to work harder, suffer from more diseases, and eat the poorer diet than nomadic hunters did.
答案：D
分析及考点：冠词误用。比较级前不用加定冠词the，直接用poorer diet就行
参考译文：史前的村民们倾向于努力工作，防除疾病，和吃比游牧的猎人少的食物。